专题:好意思联储晓示降息25个基点 鲍威尔“硬刚”特朗普:不会离职!
华尔街见闻
11月7日周四,好意思联储依期降息25个基点,下调联邦基金利率标的区间至4.5%-4.75%,但决议声明删除对于“在抗通胀问题上得到信心”的表述,或示意对12月暂停降息捏绽放魄力。
好意思东当地时当前午2点半,好意思联储主席鲍威尔出席记者会,赞叹好意思国经济全体发扬强盛,承认劳能源阛阓捏续降和睦“有一份通胀数据比预见要高”,也明确表态好意思联储还会连续降息。
阛阓聚焦他会否就翌日利率旅途败清楚更多有本体真谛真谛的踪迹、是否点评好意思国大选对于好意思国经济远景的影响,以及特朗普潜在的减税、关税和开销决策对好意思联储后续战略与监管轨制的影响。
开场白:工作阛阓不是显耀的通胀压力开始,若通胀降温停滞且经济强,不错更慢降息
在完毕准备好的开场稿件中,鲍威尔称,供应条目的改善相沿了好意思国经济在曩昔一年发扬强盛,好意思联储在完毕充分工作和安闲物价双重标的方面取得了要紧进展。经济和劳能源阛阓依旧庄重。
他指出,新增工作速率照实较本年早些时候放缓,曩昔三个月平均每月新增工作10.4万东说念主,但可能受到10月份歇工和飓风的临时拖累。幽闲率彰着高于一年前,但在曩昔三个月有所下落:
“总体而言,一系列平庸的主见标明,劳能源阛阓的病笃情状比2019年疫情爆发前有所缓解。劳能源阛阓并不是显耀的通胀压力开始。”
在评价通胀时,他称,“曩昔两年通胀率大幅下落”,9月PCE价钱指数同比增2.1%,更接近2%的央行恒久标的,但中枢PCE同比高涨2.7%“仍然略高”,不外恒久通胀预期似乎仍保捏安闲。
他畸形强调,好意思联储在“冉冉转向愈加中性的态度”时莫得预设旅途,将逐次会议依照数据、束缚变化的远景与风险均衡作出“动态决策”,因为降息过快可能滋扰通胀降温,降息过慢又可能过度削弱经济举止和工作:
“要是经济保捏强盛,而通胀率莫得捏续向2%迈进,咱们不错更耐心地减少战略限制(注:更慢降息)。要是劳能源阛阓惟恐走弱,大概通胀率下落速率快于预期,咱们不错更快地继承步履。”
鲍威尔:特朗普不成令我罢黜大概降职,短期内大选对货币战略没影响,不摈斥延缓降息
在问答法子,媒体最初聚焦鲍威尔能否在特朗普第二个总统任期内“到手届满退休”。
被问了太屡次的鲍威尔反复声明我方不念念回复太多政事话题,但斩钉截铁地称,就算特朗普要求他辞去好意思联储主席一职,他也不会从命,而且法律不允许好意思国总统罢黜大概降职好意思联储高等官员。
当日稍早据报说念,特朗普可能会让鲍威尔连续指令好意思联储,直至2026年5月任期扫尾,特朗普担任总统本领曾往往挫折好意思联储和鲍威尔,称其减轻货币战略的速率不够快,滋扰好意思国经济茁壮。特朗普10月还称,好意思国总统应该有权参与利率决策,并有权对利率应该上调或下调发表驳斥。
鲍威尔也明确提到,短期内好意思国大选不会对货币战略产生影响,好意思联储也不会“猜度、估计、或假定财政战略杰出可能对经济的影响”。
他称今天降息后“战略仍具有限制性”,再辘集他提到“回击通胀的反水还莫得扫尾”,以及好意思联储处在愈加接近中性利率的正轨上,不错推知他在指示“好意思联储仍会连续降息”。
不外,好意思联储在战略声明中大开了很快将暂停降息的可能性,鲍威尔也称,无需为了保捏物价安闲这个职责而让通胀进一步降温,“跟着咱们接近中性利率,可能延缓降息节律是得当的。”
他也再次重申,“好意思联储并莫得急忙匆中忙地要完毕中性利率”,并发出申饬称,在好意思联储寻求镌汰利率之际,政府的任何变动齐可能影响货币战略:
“原则上,任何好意思国政府的战略或国会制定的战略,齐可能跟着时刻推移产生经济影响,因此,连同无数其他身分沿路,这些经济影响的预测将被纳入好意思联储的经济模子中,并被讨论在内。”
在特朗普胜选后,阛阓依然下调了对来岁1月的降息预期,更主流的不雅点是以为届时暂停降息,这一概率从一周前的44%升至54%,对12月再降息25个基点的概率则从77%小幅降至67%。
有分析指出,特朗普胜选激勉了东说念主们对好意思联储可能以更慢、更缓慢圭表降息的猜度,因为限制造孽侨民和推广新关税的战略可能会推高通胀。同期,这也会激勉东说念主们扣问好意思联储眼中既不限制也不刺激经济增长的“中性利率”到底是若干。
还说了什么:12月会议前会有更多数据,仍能软着陆,好意思国赤字和财政战略是经济阻力
鲍威尔在问答法子还提到,工作阛阓尚未全面完毕安闲,好意思国劳能源阛阓连续降温,但圭表“杰出耐心”。商界以为,2025年的经济场面将好于本年,但地缘政事风险偏高。薪资增速仍然稍微高于与2%通胀标的相一致的水平:“咱们仍在野着更中性的态度迈进,关节在于正确的圭表。”
在谈到通胀时,他承认“有一份通胀数据略高于预期”,但并不成令其牵挂佛济:
“总体而言,咱们对经济举止感到乐不雅。与此同期,咱们得到了一份通胀论说,固然不是很灾祸,但照实比预期高了极少。
然则到12月,咱们将得到更多数据,比如还会有一份工作论说、两份通胀论说和无数其他数据,咱们将在12月的会议上作念出决定。”
他还重申,好意思联储依旧礼服会完毕“软着陆”,“礼服咱们不错在完毕强盛工作的同期完成抗击高通胀的任务”,而且好意思国东说念主的恒久通胀预期仍锚定雅致。
在谈到10年期好意思债收益率自9月好意思联储大幅降息以来飙升超70个基点时,鲍威尔以为好意思债收益率走高主要受经济增长运行,而不是货币战略运行:
“当今判断好意思国国债收益率的走势还言之过早,似乎债券走势并非由通胀高于预期主导,经济举止数据一直齐比预期的更强盛。”
同期,好意思债收益率走高也不可幸免与特朗普政府翌日大举发债、导致财政赤字愈发众多的预期关系,鲍威尔直言好意思国赤字束缚上升和全体财政战略仍是经济的阻力,联邦债务界限不可捏续:
“咱们的债务水平相对于经济而言并非差异适,而是这条旅途不可捏续。在赤字众多的情况下,咫尺处于充分工作状态,何况预测这种情况将连续下去,因此处分(财政赤字)这个问题很紧要,这最终是对经济的要挟。”
鲍威尔完毕准备好的记者会开场白稿件原文如下:
下昼好。我和我的共事们仍然专注于完毕咱们的双重职责标的,即充分工作和安闲物价,以造福好意思国东说念主民。经济总体强盛,曩昔两年在完毕咱们的标的方面取得了要紧进展。劳能源阛阓已从之前的过热状态降温并保捏庄重。限度9月份,通货延迟率已从7%的峰值大幅下落至2.1%。咱们努力于于通过支捏充分工作和将通货延迟率规复到2%的标的来保捏经济的强盛。
Good afternoon. My colleagues and I remain squarely focused on achieving our dual mandate goals of maximum employment and stable prices for the benefit of the American people. The economy is strong overall and has made significant progress toward our goals over the past two years. The labor market has cooled from its formerly overheated state and remains solid. Inflation has eased substantially from a peak of 7 percent to 2.1 percent as of September. We are committed to maintaining our economy’s strength by supporting maximum employment and returning inflation to our 2 percent goal.
今天,联邦公开阛阓委员会决定继承进一步措施,镌汰战略拘谨过程,将战略利率下调25个基点。咱们仍然礼服,惟有相宜退换咱们的战略态度,经济和劳能源阛阓的强盛势头就能保捏下去,通胀率将捏续下落至2%。咱们还决定连续减少证券捏有量。在简要转头经济发展情况后,我凑合货币战略发表更多观点。
Today, the FOMC decided to take another step in reducing the degree of policy restraint by lowering our policy interest rate by 1/4 percentage point. We continue to be confident that with an appropriate recalibration of our policy stance, strength in the economy and the labor market can be maintained, with inflation moving sustainably down to 2 percent. We also decided to continue to reduce our securities holdings. I will have more to say about monetary policy after briefly reviewing economic developments.
最近的主见骄贵,经济举止连续稳步增长。第三季度国内坐蓐总值年增长率为2.8%,与第二季度简短疏导。浮滥开销增长保捏韧性,建立和无形金钱投资增强。比拟之下,房地产行业的举止一直疲软。总体而言,供应条目的改善相沿了好意思国经济在曩昔一年的强盛发扬。
Recent indicators suggest that economic activity has continued to expand at a solid pace. GDP rose at an annual rate of 2.8 percent in the third quarter, about the same pace as in the second quarter. Growth of consumer spending has remained resilient, and investment in equipment and intangibles has strengthened. In contrast, activity in the housing sector has been weak. Overall, improving supply conditions have supported the strong performance of the U.S. economy over the past year.
劳能源阛阓情状依然庄重。工作岗亭增长速率较本年早些时候有所放缓,曩昔三个月平均每月新增10.4万个。要是不是因为10月份歇工和飓风对工作的影响,这一数字可能会更高一些。对于飓风,请允许我向通盘受到这些罢休性风暴影响的家庭、企业和社区线路慰问。幽闲率彰着高于一年前,但在曩昔三个月有所下落,10月仍保捏在4.1%的低位。形式工资增长在曩昔一年有所放缓,绽放岗亭数目与求员工东说念主之间的差距有所缩小。总体而言,一系列平庸的主见标明,劳能源阛阓的病笃情状比2019年疫情爆发前有所缓解。劳能源阛阓并不是要紧通胀压力的开始。
In the labor market, conditions remain solid. Payroll job gains have slowed from earlier in the year, averaging 104 thousand per month over the past three months. This figure would have been somewhat higher were it not for the effects of labor strikes and hurricanes on employment in October. Regarding the hurricanes, let me extend our sympathies to all the families, businesses, and communities who have been harmed by these devastating storms. The unemployment rate is notably higher than it was a year ago, but has edged down over the past three months and remains low at 4.1 percent in October. Nominal wage growth has eased over the past year, and the jobs-to-workers gap has narrowed. Overall, a broad set of indicators suggests that conditions in the labor market are now less tight than just before the pandemic in 2019. The labor market is not a source of significant inflationary pressures.
曩昔两年,通货延迟率大幅下落。限度9月份的12个月内,PCE总价钱高涨了2.1%;忌惮波动较大的食物和能源类别,中枢PCE价钱高涨了2.7%。总体而言,通货延迟率已更接近咱们2% 的恒久标的,但中枢通货延迟率仍然略高。从对家庭、企业和预测者的平庸探听以及金融阛阓的主见来看,恒久通胀预期似乎仍保捏安闲。
Inflation has eased significantly over the past two years. Total PCE prices rose 2.1 percent over the 12 months ending in September; excluding the volatile food and energy categories, core PCE prices rose 2.7 percent. Overall, inflation has moved much closer to our 2 percent longer-run goal, but core inflation remains somewhat elevated. Longer-term inflation expectations appear to remain well anchored, as reflected in a broad range of surveys of households, businesses, and forecasters, as well as measures from financial markets.
咱们的货币战略步履以促进好意思国东说念主民充分工作和物价安闲为双重职责。咱们以为完毕工作和通胀标的的风险简短均衡,咱们关切咱们两方面职责各自靠近的风险。
Our monetary policy actions are guided by our dual mandate to promote maximum employment and stable prices for the American people. We see the risks to achieving our employment and inflation goals as being roughly in balance, and we are attentive to the risks to both sides of our mandate.
在今天的会议上,委员会决定将联邦基金利率标的区间下调25个基点,至4.5%到4.75%的区间。进一步骤整咱们的战略态度将有助于保捏经济和劳能源阛阓的强盛,并将连续鼓励通胀进一步下落,也令咱们将冉冉转向愈加中性的态度。
At today’s meeting the Committee decided to lower the target range for the federal funds rate by 1/4 percentage point, to 4-1/2 to 4-3/4 percent. This further recalibration of our policy stance will help maintain the strength of the economy and the labor market and will continue to enable further progress on inflation as we move toward a more neutral stance over time.
咱们知说念,过快减少战略拘谨可能会滋扰通胀(降温)的进展。同期,过慢减少战略拘谨可能会过度削弱经济举止和工作。在讨论春联邦基金利率标的区间进行罕见退换时,委员会将仔细评估行将公布的数据、束缚变化的远景和风险均衡。咱们莫得任何预设的道路,将连续逐次会议作念出决定。
We know that reducing policy restraint too quickly could hinder progress on inflation. At the same time, reducing policy restraint too slowly could unduly weaken economic activity and employment. In considering additional adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate, the Committee will carefully assess incoming data, the evolving outlook, and the balance of risks. We are not on any preset course. We will continue to make our decisions meeting by meeting.
跟着经济的发展,货币战略将进行退换,以最佳地促进咱们完毕充分工作和价钱安闲标的。要是经济保捏强盛,而通胀率莫得捏续向2%迈进,咱们不错更耐心地减少战略限制。要是劳能源阛阓惟恐走弱,大概通胀率下落速率快于预期,咱们不错更快地继承步履。战略依然准备好搪塞咱们在追求双重职责时靠近的风险和不细则性。
As the economy evolves, monetary policy will adjust in order to best promote our maximum employment and price stability goals. If the economy remains strong and inflation is not sustainably moving toward 2 percent, we can dial back policy restraint more slowly. If the labor market were to weaken unexpectedly or inflation were to fall more quickly than anticipated, we can move more quickly. Policy is well positioned to deal with the risks and uncertainties that we face in pursuing both sides of our dual mandate.
好意思联储被赋予了两个货币战略标的——最大限制工作和安闲物价。咱们仍然努力于于支捏最大限制工作,将通胀率捏续降至2%的标的,并保捏恒久通胀预期安闲。咱们能否告成完毕这些标的对通盘好意思国东说念主来说齐至关紧要。咱们光显,咱们的步履会影响到全好意思各地的社区、家庭和企业。咱们所作念的一切齐是为了施行咱们的环球职责。好意思联储将逸以待劳完毕最大限制工作和物价安闲的标的。谢谢,期待扣问。
The Fed has been assigned two goals for monetary policy—maximum employment and stable prices. We remain committed to supporting maximum employment, bringing inflation sustainably to our 2 percent goal, and keeping longer-term inflation expectations well anchored. Our success in delivering on these goals matters to all Americans. We understand that our actions affect communities, families, and businesses across the country. Everything we do is in service to our public mission. We at the Fed will do everything we can to achieve our maximum employment and price stability goals. Thank you. I look forward to our discussion.
新浪调解大平台期货开户 安全快捷有保险

株连剪辑:郭建